RESEARCH
I started by watching an interesting and informative video which talks about many artists and films of experimental cinema. I decided I would make it a base for my research.
A Beginner’s Guide to Experimental Cinema
MOVIES AND DIRECTORS RECOMMENDED IN THIS VIDEO:
L’Age D’Or (1930)
L’Age D’Or – Luis Bunuel (1930) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Age_d%27Or)
Viking Eggeling: Symphonie Diagonale (1924)
Rose Hobart (1936) by Joseph Cornell
Free Radicals – Len Lye (1958)
Rashomon Trailer (Akira Kurosawa, 1950)
I am so happy I watched this film. I was taken by the cinematography, the wisdom, and the different points of view that I encounter in films from different cultures. I was particularly moved by the way the movie started. Two men are in shock, disturbed and confused by the events of a man’s death. You get sucked in that emotion as if becoming a part of the story, which unravels from there. I found it a very original way of starting the movie, which entices the viewer to listen to the story. There are some very questionable opinions of women and the lines they speak, but I attribute it to the film being very old, and if anything, I feel good about how things have changed since then.
BREATHLESS – HE Trailer – Directed by Jean-Luc Godard
Ingmar Bergman – The Seventh Seal (english subs)
Cosmic Ray – Bruce Conner (1962) – https://mubi.com/films/cosmic-ray
SYNOPSIS: Experimental short uses Ray Charles’ “What’d I Say” as accompaniment to constantly shifting collage of female nude, cartoons, and newsreels of atomic bomb explosions.
At Land (1944) – Maya Deren (Original Music by Feona Lee Jones)
The Seashell and the Clergyman 1928 (Restored Full Movie)
Glimpse of the Garden (1957)
Glimpse of the Garden is a 1957 five-minute short film made by Marie Menken, showing film clips of a garden, with birds chirping for the soundtrack.
Kenneth Anger Puce Moment 1949
Hollis Frampton: Zorn’s Lemma 1970
THE IMAGE BOOK Trailer (2019) Jean Luc Godard Movie
Godfrey Reggio – The Qatsi Trilogy https://www.criterion.com/boxsets/934-the-qatsi-trilogy
A singular artist and activist, Godfrey Reggio is best known for the galvanizing films of The Qatsi Trilogy. Astonishingly photographed, and featuring unforgettable, cascading scores by Philip Glass, these are immersive sensory experiences that meditate on the havoc humankind’s obsession with technological advancement has wreaked on our world. From 1983’s Koyaanisqatsi to 1988’s Powaqqatsi to 2002’s Naqoyqatsi, Reggio takes us on a journey from the ancient to the contemporary, from nature to industry, exploring life out of balance, in transformation, and as war, all the while keeping our eyes wide with wonder.
The Qatsi Trilogy
Ron Fricke – Chronos (1985) / Baraka (1992) / Samsara (2011)
Interview with SAMSARA filmmakers Ron Fricke and Mark Magidson
Un Chien Andalou (1929) 𝑨 𝑺𝒉𝒐𝒓𝒕 𝑭𝒊𝒍𝒎 𝒃𝒚 𝑳𝒖𝒊𝒔 𝑩𝒖𝒏𝒖𝒆𝒍
Man Ray Emak Bakia , 1926
Marcel Duchamp’s “Anémic cinéma” (1926) | MoMA FILM VAULT SUMMER CAMP
Man Ray – Le Retour à la Raison (The Return to Reason) w/Original Soundtrack (1923)
René Clair, 1924 Entr’Acte
“Meshes of the Afternoon”, Maya Deren, 1943. Soundtrack by Seaming (Commissioned by BIrds Eye) 1943
One of my favorite experimental films.
Le Ballet Mecanique 1924 – Fernand Léger, Georges Antheil, Dudley Murphy, Man Ray
Stan Brakhage – Stellar [1993]
Man With A Movie Camera Dziga Vertov, 1929
Mothlight by Stan Brakhage 1963
Stan Brakhage – “Cat’s Cradle” (1959)
Hans Richter: Rhythmus 21 (1921)
Rainbow Dance – Len Lye (1936)
An Optical Poem – produced by Oskar Fischinger 1938
A jan lenica 1965
Back and Forth (Michael Snow, 1969)
Wavelength (1967. Michael Snow)
Andy Warhol’s ‘Empire’
Andy Warhol, Sleep (1966): 6 hours of film in 3 minutes
Chelsea Girls 1966
RENAISSANCE (POL/1964) Walerian Borowczyk
Alice [Něco z Alenky] (1988)
Alice is a 1988 dark fantasy film written and directed by Jan Švankmajer. Its original Czech title is Něco z Alenky, which means “Something from Alice”. It is a loose adaptation of Lewis Carroll’s first Alice book, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865), about a girl who follows a white rabbit into a bizarre fantasy land. Alice is played by Kristýna Kohoutová. The film combines live action with stop motion animation, and is distinguished by its dark and uncompromising production design.
“Persona” (1966) – Ingmar Bergman (English subtitles)
A young nurse, Alma, is put in charge of Elisabeth Vogler: an actress who is seemingly healthy in all respects, but will not talk. As they spend time together, Alma speaks to Elisabeth constantly, never receiving any answer. Alma eventually confesses her secrets to a seemingly sympathetic Elisabeth and finds that her own personality is being submerged into Elisabeth’s persona.
Lemon – Directed by Hollis Frampton (1969, 7 Mins)
Lemon, ostensibly a one-shot film, representing a radical pairing down of materials and methods: It is silent, static and unedited. This arrestingly spare portrait of a seeming “Superstar Fruit” begins in darkness, as gradually, a Lemon comes into sight. This film shows how Important Lighting can be.
Disappearing Music for Face Mieko Shiomi 1966 SD
Playtime (1967) – Filme completo – Legendado PT-BR
Week End (1967) ORIGINAL US TRAILER [HD 1080p]
Strike (Eisenstein, 1925) — English Intertitles — HD Quality
Jean Cocteau – Blood of a Poet (1930) with Massive Attack – Paradise Circus (Gui Boratto remix)
Institute Benjamenta (Trailer)
My Winnipeg Trailer
With his latest work, MY WINNIPEG, iconoclastic filmmaker Guy Maddin continues in the freewheeling, genre-bending tradition that has made him one of Canada’s most consistently intriguing and internationally respected artists. MY WINNIPEG is a documentary (or docu-fantasia, as he describes it) about his hometown. Equal parts mystical rumination and personal history, city chronicle and deranged post-Freudian proletarian fantasy, MY WINNIPEG – which is framed as a goodbye letter – blends local myth with childhood trauma. Somehow, it all feels seamlessly assembled, utterly if perversely logical-a beautifully personal meditation on belief and truth, memory and myth. A deliriously layered provocation, MY WINNIPEG is outrageous, informative and wildly entertaining.
The Inauguration of the Pleasure Dome – Kenneth Anger
Ernie Gehr – Side/Walk/Shuttle (1991)
Experimental short film in which San Francisco is viewed from an elevator moving up and down 24 floors.
Boro in The Box (trailer) // BIEFF 2011
A fantasized portrayal of Polish auteur Walerian Borowczyk: Boro in the Box discovers a cruel and obscene world. He experiences banal yet colorful adventures, from Poland to Paris, caressing erotic birds and organic cameras in a phantasmagorical Alphabet (\https://mubi.com/films/boro-in-the-box)
That is one of the strangest and most beautiful films I watched. I love the concept, symbolism and shots – very arty. An interesting experience for me linguistically as I understood all three languages in this movie – Polish, French and English. It was a very bizarre but good feeling.
- DAVID LYNCH: Inland Empire, Eraserhead, Mullholland Drive
- book : Kim knowles – Experimental Film and Photochemical Practices (’20)
Watching these films was an absolutely essential start to the experimental cinema journey.
While watching all the experimental films I took what I call quick notes:
So I will be shooting in b&w, anything contrasty looks good, shapes, geometrical. Repeated movement and repetition in general. Light and shadow, abstraction, and music are important. That will need to be added later somehow. Human face in close-up. Especially white skin against dark make-up. Things emerging. Eyes. Silhouettes. Comparison/metaphors/symbolism Signs -words, sentences, numbers 309 MASKS! ESPECIALLY TACKY AMD SCARY MIRRORS AND REFLECTIONS MANEKIN! I REALLY like the sequence of a paper man dancing – how is this shot? Man Ray- photograms (of course), textures, shapes and objects. Words. Smoke. Superimposing – how to do that? Stellar First started playing the version without music, and it just didn’t seem right. Music is very important. Hypnotic. Anaemic Cinema No sound. Interesting. Optical illusion? Words and sentences. Spinning, hypnotic. Emak Bakia. Photograms. Things that are familiar but/and weird. Music in this and other films is very important for the visual experience. Eye. Feet. Dancing. Walking. Sand. Water. Fish. Spinning sculpture of something. Around 8.39 I like the sequence of shapes made of paper being added. Flowers. Dried flowers. Symbolic things say a lot just through them and the connection we have with them. I think some sort of crystal ball (or more than one would be cool, they could be rolling and such, reflecting! Put in water and places. At land. Waves. Ocean. Birds flying. Hands. Eyes. Slow movements. Chess!. In your film, if there is crawling into one space and crawling out from the other you make an impression of moving through spaces (even if they are very different spaces). Big white sheet. Rocks. Footprints. From lecture Peter Gidal, Cesaree film, work with space time control stretching, speeding, pierre clementine- new now, Bruce Bailey castro Street, Ballet Mecanique Entracte Balloon faces – genius, shoots upside down – really love it, shoot off a ballerina from under! Chess, of course, double exposures, slow motion movements, Rollercoaster, time pacing with shots and music, funeral, some crazy magic, very good FIN, breaking through the paper with something. Symphonie Diagonale Dance of shape and form. Repetition. Harmony of image and sound.
LEARNING HOW TO USE SUPER 8
How to Shoot on Super 8 Movie Film (2019)
Great beginners guide to SUPER 8 that covers the usage, films, shooting time (3 minutes) and more.
How To Shoot Super 8 – Cameras, Film, Processing, & Scanning Guide for Beginners
A very informative and essential video that covers all the basics of shooting in super 8, processing, scanning etc.
Shooting on SUPER 8 for the First Time – What I Learned (8mm Film)
An interesting and useful perspective from the first-time user of Super 8.
LECTURE 09.11.22 – TATIA SHE
Today’s guest speaker Tatia She who spoke to us at length about her journey into experimental cinema, her inspirations and her development as an experimental cinema videographer. Additionally, she showed us some videos, both inspirations and her work. It was a great talk, and I felt just amazing finally being able to interact, as the spoken language was English. It’s so frustrating to me going to all these interesting lessons and lectures and not being able to engage. Today was good.
An interview with Tatia Shé
AFTERMATH (2020)
Videophrase. 2019
One of the films Tatia showed us, was an amazing old animation, called
“Tale of Tales” by Yuriy Norstein (ENGLISH SUBTITLES)
Then she showed us some films by Stephen Dwoskin.
http://www.stephendwoskin.com/
Born in New York in 1939, Stephen Dwoskin came to London in 1964, and helped found the London Film-Makers’ Co-op, the LUX’s predecessor, two years later. He made his name with a series of short films in the late 1960s and early 1970s, some shot in New York and finished in London, the rest made in his new home in Notting Hill.
The most characteristic films of this period, Laura Mulvey has written, ‘concentrate on one woman, allowing the erotic relationship, so often implicit between camera and female performer in cinema in general, to be acted out in an overt scene of mutual fascination’.
From the 1970s onwards, Dwoskin worked at feature length, in a variety of modes – from fiction to documentary portrait to essay film to autobiography – but with clear ties to his ‘underground’ work. Having contracted polio as a child, Dwoskin had limited mobility, and several of his films, starting with Behindert in 1974, reflect on his experience of disability.
The actors, performers, and dancers he worked with include Carolee Schneemann, Jenny Runacre, Carola Regnier, Cosey Fanni Tutti, Beatrice ‘Trixie’ Cordua, and the Ballets Nègres troupe. His first films were soundtracked by Ron Geesin; during the 1970s he enjoyed a long collaboration with the composer Gavin Bryars.
In the 2000s Dwoskin returned to the underground, embracing the then new digital technology for the freedom it afforded him, culminating in Age Is… (2012), his posthumously released final film. (https://lux.org.uk/artist/stephen-dwoskin/)
LOOKING FOR IDEAS AND LOCATIONS
In preparation for my film, I went around the city looking for locations that I found interesting and potentially useful for the film.
I did this over several days, writing down later which locations I liked best and trying to put together a story.
I knew I wanted to use a metal ball and chequered floor somehow.
I explored locations where I could utilise the chequered floor, considering the light – time of the day and street business that would suit me best to have a space to shoot.
I spotted a local fountain where I thought I could shoot a nice water sequence.
I explored various spaces in search of locations.
I really like this white ball wall, but I didn’t end up using it as it was always in the shade.
I thought of how I could show the title and credits.
I took many photographs, additionally, I shot many short test videos, trying to previsualize my short film on Super 8.
Once I had the camera, I spent the entire day preparing for the shooting, read the whole 90-page manual, and played with the camera set up on a tripod in my room, getting to know all the settings and making friends with the camera.
I made a ‘script’ planning my shots one after the other so they tell the story I wanted to tell.
SUNDAY – THE DAY OF SHOOTING
HERE WE GO!
When shooting, I made a conscious effort to use other settings in the camera than just start/stop. I really wanted to use fade in and fade out but, long story short, sunlight did not work in my favour (it being winter months and the sun moving quite fast). However, it was an important lesson to learn. I did use slow motion in one shot, which came out very nicely.
ESTAS BIEN? NO.
Estas bien? NO. is a story filled with symbolism of my experience of coming to and living in Spain whilst on a student exchange.
Taking inspiration from experimental cinema, I speak in metaphors to convey my emotions of feeling lost and going through challenging times. Simultaneously it’s a tale of independence, strength and perseverance.
Elzbieta Skorska
Estas bien? NO., 2022
Super 8, black and white, no sound, 3’08’’
Estas bien? NO. – Ela Skorska (2022)
CONCLUSIONS
It was always at the back of my mind, the cinematography. As a Photographer, I often thought about making some short films, but then studying Photography full time would ‘get in the way’. The student exchange allowed me to explore the areas that are always there in the background, patiently waiting for me to explore them. The experimental cinema, and in particular Super 8, have been an absolute breakthrough and a confirmation that my artistic instincts were correct, in fact, there were, and always are, on point. I absolutely loved shooting with Super 8. I enjoyed the entire process: finding a location, test shooting, creating a story and researching.
One main thing that shines through my movie: I film how I photograph. Light and shadow games, soaked through in geometrical aesthetics, symbolism, brutalism and silent poetry that speaks more than words. I can confidently say that Super 8 will be joining my equipment family in the near future and that I will continue to shoot movies with Super 8.
REFERENCES
‘A’ (1965). Namfooodle. https://youtu.be/ep0Bf7up9Rs. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 09/10/22]
A Beginner’s Guide to Experimental Cinema. kubricklynch – Film History. https://youtu.be/Ti7-IjgOn0A. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
Alice Něco z Alenky. Peer Gynt. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bnbd1exbIco. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 12/10/22]
Andy Warhol’s ‘Empire’. dradny. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YSDDyzCagMY&t=1s. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 12/10/22]
Andy Warhol, Sleep (1966): 6 hours of film in 3 minutes. alterquia https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nob5WuGJozc. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 12/10/22]
An Optical Poem – produced by Oskar Fischinger 1938. ThatHairyCanadian. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Xc4g00FFLk. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 12/10/22]
At Land (1944) – Maya Deren (Original Music by Feona Lee Jones). Feona Lee Jones. https://youtu.be/EvafmE3Lel0. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 03/10/22]
Back and Forth (Michael Snow, 1969). LB. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ivryfBTpRxI&t=20s. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 12/10/22]
BREATHLESS – HE Trailer – Directed by Jean-Luc Godard. StudiocanalUK. https://youtu.be/iAuqDI4EAl4. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 03/10/22]
Boro in The Box (trailer) // BIEFF 2011. bieffromania. https://youtu.be/nQAfjGDNoE8. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 03/10/22]
Chelsea Girls 1966. rapka cada. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrCLi9lxjhE. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 13/10/22]
Cosmic Ray. Bruce Conner. https://mubi.com/films/cosmic-ray. Available through Mubi. [Accessed on 02/10/22]
Disappearing Music for Face Mieko Shiomi 1966 SD. nuriamarti100. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9qAjQVKQgUQ. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 03/10/22]
Ernie Gehr – Side/Walk/Shuttle (1991). Afgefakkeld. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5azT6mcJmc. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 03/10/22]
Free Radicals – Len Lye (1958). optimisticwombatninja08. https://youtu.be/LpAOHBHxaSM. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
Glimpse of the Garden (1957). Lost_Shangri_La_Horizon. https://www.dailymotion.com/video/xf7dwi. Available through Dailymotion. [Accessed on 03/10/22]
Hans Richter: Rhythmus 21 (1921). Iconauta. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_kceafWtbE. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 03/10/22]
Hollis Frampton: Zorn’s Lemma 1970. Samuel Jakob Cavazos. https://youtu.be/ec2-GZRYGd8. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 03/10/22]
How To Shoot Super 8 – Cameras, Film, Processing, & Scanning Guide for Beginners. Matt WhoisMatt Johnson. https://youtu.be/MmAiWvmW1cs. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 07/10/22]
How to Shoot on Super 8 Movie Film 2019. Willem Verbeeck. https://youtu.be/SpRZOpaIoK8. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 07/10/22]
Ingmar Bergman – The Seventh Seal (english subs). Hairy Mat D. https://youtu.be/iUXBevWxjbA. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 03/10/22]
Interview with SAMSARA filmmakers Ron Fricke and Mark Magidson. trknowles. https://youtu.be/xuwYPPbuFt8. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 05/10/22]
Institute Benjamenta (Trailer). Ariel Hache. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3_A9X1XB44. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
Jean Cocteau – Blood of a Poet (1930) with Massive Attack – Paradise Circus (Gui Boratto remix). elpriceisright. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSNZxvWvodY. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 15/10/22]
Kenneth Anger Puce Moment 1949. DAN-D-TV. https://youtu.be/bw31ZAhHkaQ. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 05/10/22]
L’Age D’Or (1930). Eric Trommater. https://youtu.be/RDbav8hcl5U. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
Le Ballet Mecanique 1924 – Fernand Léger, Georges Antheil, Dudley Murphy, Man Ray. Everything has its first time. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wi53TfeqgWM. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 05/10/22]
Lemon – Directed by Hollis Frampton (1969, 7 Mins). TENRAG100. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6gnz1pIy6l4. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 14/10/22]
Man Ray Emak Bakia , 1926. lapetitemelancolie. https://youtu.be/ezkw2i8INlU. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
Man Ray – Le Retour à la Raison (The Return to Reason) w/Original Soundtrack. r0ygbiv24. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0PNWJsr7hOU. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
Man With A Movie Camera Dziga Vertov, 1929. Bihari Kristóf. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpJpEO8OE-s. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 02/11/22]
Marcel Duchamp’s “Anémic cinéma” (1926) | MoMA FILM VAULT SUMMER CAMP. The Museum of Modern Art. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qi3Zgx0Jh9k. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 02/11/22]
My Winnipeg Trailer. IFCFirstTake. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aY9BtROpNQ4. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 12/11/22]
Mothlight by Stan Brakhage 1963. phospheneca. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yt3nDgnC7M8. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 05/10/22]
“Meshes of the Afternoon”, Maya Deren, 1943. Soundtrack by Seaming (Commissioned by BIrds Eye. seaming to. https://youtu.be/YSY0TA-ttMA. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
“Persona” (1966) – Ingmar Bergman (English subtitles). Мирас Нуртазин. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Lr3MEkXMxc. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 13/10/22]
Playtime (1967) – Filme completo – Legendado PT-BR. Paulo. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I0HA_i6MXfY. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
Rainbow Dance – Len Lye (1936). optimisticwombatninja08. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpVrIjj8mhU. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 11/10/22]
Rashomon Trailer (Akira Kurosawa, 1950). janusfilms. https://youtu.be/xCZ9TguVOIA. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
René Clair, 1924 Entr’Acte. L’ECLAT SON IMAGE. https://vimeo.com/488844088. Available through Vimeo. [Accessed on 06/10/22]
RENAISSANCE (POL/1964) Walerian Borowczyk. Et Cetera. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SsvD1G393lI. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 11/10/22]
Rose Hobart (1936) by Joseph Cornell. TheLyulai. https://youtu.be/pQxtZlQlTDA. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 02/10/22]
Stan Brakhage – “Cat’s Cradle” (1959). Sergio Mota. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cur2P5Ym3Yw. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 02/11/22]
Shooting on SUPER 8 for the First Time – What I Learned (8mm Film). Aidin Robbins. https://youtu.be/3nzubPgbEDM. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 02/10/22]
Stan Brakhage – Stellar [1993]. aganippeful. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8r9t135_xY. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 06/10/22]
Strike (Eisenstein, 1925) — English Intertitles — HD Quality. André Bourbeau. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hG_yM7We0C8. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
“Tale of Tales” by Yuriy Norstein (ENGLISH SUBTITLES). Alexandra Pryakhina. https://youtu.be/hN1zimADh6Q. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 01/10/22]
THE IMAGE BOOK Trailer (2019) Jean Luc Godard Movie. New Trailer Buzz. https://youtu.be/MasUnEb-aYQ. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 05/10/22]
The Inauguration of the Pleasure Dome – Kenneth Anger. Library VHS Rips. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IgnRr170ERM. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 13/10/22]
The Seashell and the Clergyman 1928 (Restored Full Movie). Mike Kesidis. https://youtu.be/ypseXIQVaF0. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 05/10/22]
The Criterion Colection. The Qatsi Trilogy. [Online] [Accessed on 05/10/22]. https://www.criterion.com/boxsets/934-the-qatsi-trilogy
The Qatsi Trilogy. TheLoftCinema. https://youtu.be/_KA0KNX5Wn8. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 05/11/22]
Un Chien Andalou (1929) 𝑨 𝑺𝒉𝒐𝒓𝒕 𝑭𝒊𝒍𝒎 𝒃𝒚 𝑳𝒖𝒊𝒔 𝑩𝒖𝒏𝒖𝒆𝒍. Movie Matinee. https://youtu.be/W8yKT7H_KJ0. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 05/10/22]
Viking Eggeling: Symphonie Diagonale (1924). iconauta. https://youtu.be/-XivcjKFl2s. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 02/11/22]
Wavelength (1967. Michael Snow). veryoldstereo. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=963PSjAHo48. Available through YouTube. [Accessed on 02/11/22]
Week End (1967) ORIGINAL US TRAILER [HD 1080p]. HD Retro Trailers. https://youtu.be/37eLqBcOpJ8
Wikipedia. (2022). [Online] [Accessed on 05/10/22]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Age_d%27Or
Ela Skorska 